Шрифт:
Утвердительная форма – Subject + to be (am/is/are) + …
I am at work. – Я на работе.
Отрицательная форма – Subject + to be (am/is/are) + not + …
He isn't an engineer. – Он не инженер.
Вопросительная форма – (Question word) + to be (am/is/are) + subject + …?
Are you curious? – Ты любопытный?
Глагол to be спрягается, т.е. изменяется по лицам и числам:
I – am
He, she, it – is
You, we, they – are
В разговорной речи,
в утвердительной форме часто используются сокращения I'm/you're … it's вместо I am/you are … it is
в отрицательной форме – I’m not/you aren't … it isn't вместо I am not/you are not … it is not.
При ответе на вопрос, предполагающий ответ да или нет, используются следующие шаблоны:
Are you a doctor? – Yes, I am. – (положительный ответ) – No, I am not. – (отрицательный ответ)
Is she a doctor? – Yes, she is. – (положительный ответ) – No, she isn’t. – (отрицательный ответ)
Are they doctors? – Yes, they are. – (положительный ответ) – No, they aren’t. – (отрицательный ответ)
Если в вопросительном предложении со специальными вопросительными словами Who (в значении кто) или What отсутствует подлежащее, отвечающее на вопрос кто? или что?, то вспомогательный глагол do/does не употребляется, а используется основной глагол с окончанием – s, (-es) без частички to.
What/Who + verb + (-s, -es) + …?
What attracts him there? – Что его там привлекает?
Verb + to + verb – два глагола, следующие друг за другом, разделяются частицей to.
I want to know it. – Я хочу это знать.
Упражнение 1
Вставьте глагол to be в Present Simple.
1. What … your name? – My name … Shirley Frank. 2. … your sister a typist? – No, she … not a typist, she … a student. 3. Where … you? – I … in the kitchen. 4. Where … the keys? – In your jacket. 5. What … your address? – My address … 175 Grand Central Parkway. 6. … your brother at school? – Yes, he …. 7. Art … long, life … short. 8. Where … Fred? – He … in the garage. 9. What … the time, please? – It is two o’clock. 10. You … the best friend I have ever had. 11. What … your phone number? – My phone number … 718-1930. 12. … your sister at school? – No, she … not at school. 13. Where … Lisa and John? – They … at college. 14. It … the biggest meal I have ever had. 15. I don’t remember what his telephone number … .
Упражнение 2
Вставьте глагол to be в Present Simple.
1. Where … you from? – I … from New York. 2. My sister … at home. 3. … you busy? – No, I … not. Mike … busy. He … the busiest person I have ever met. 4. Which sport do you think … the most dangerous? 5. Two heads … better than one. 6. I … a pupil. 7. … this your watch? – Yes, it … . 8. It … ten o’clock. She … late again. 9. Chess and aerobics … not as exciting as skydiving and figure skating. 10. You … right. That … a lot of money! Coffee … really very expensive this week. 11. My father … not a teacher, he … a scientist. 12. She … an actress. 13. How … you? – I … not very well today. – I … sorry to hear that. 14. Debt … the worst kind of poverty. 15. … your aunt a doctor? – Yes, she … .
Упражнение 3
Вставьте глагол to be в Present Simple.
1. This … my bag. 2. We … interested in classical music. 3. The game … not worth the candle. 4. … they at home? – No, they … not at home, they … at work. 5. My uncle … an office worker. 6. Vera … afraid of snakes. 7. Do you have any idea where he …? 8. My brother … a worker. He … at work. 9. He … at work. 10. My grandmother … not nervous and she … rarely upset. She … the kindest person I’ve ever seen. My grandmother … really wonderful. 11. Used cars … cheaper but less reliable than new cars. 12. … you an engineer? – No, I … not. I … a lawyer. 13. Helen … a painter. She has some fine pictures. They … on the walls. She has so much paper. It … on the shelf. The shelf … brown. It … on the wall. Helen has a brother. He … a student. He has a family. His wife … not from Toronto, she … from Montreal. They … nice people. 14. I … sorry. They … not at the office at the moment. 15. What … the weather forecast for tomorrow?