the Margins of Science: The Social Construction of Rejected Knowledge, ed. R. Wallis (Keele, UK: University Press of Keele, 1979), 139-178. Общую информацию можно найти в: John D. Davies, Phrenology, Fad and Science (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1955).

(16) Mark Twain, The Autobiography of Mark Twain, ed. Charles Neider (New York: HarperCollins, 2000), “startled”, 85; “cavity” and “humiliated”, 86; “Mount Everest”, 87; Delano Jose Lopez, “Snaring the Fowler: Mark Twain Debunks Phrenology”, Skeptical Inquirer 26, no. 1 (2002),cop.org/si/show/snaring the fowler mark twain debunks phrenology/.

(17) Shaheen E. Lakhan and Enoch Callaway, “Deep Brain Stimulation for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Treatment-Resistant Depression: Systematic Review”, BMC Research Notes 3 (2010): 60,со/1756-0500/3/60/. По поводу возможной ценности фМРТ в прогнозировании рецидивов у людей, прошедших лечение от депрессии, см.: Norman A. S. Farb et al., “Mood-Linked Responses in Medial Prefrontal Cortex Predict Relapse in Patients with Recurrent Unipolar Depression”, Biological Psychiatry 70, no. 4 (2011): 366-372; и Oliver Doehrmann et al., “Predicting Treatment Response in Social Anxiety Disorder from Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging”, Archives of General Psychiatry 70, no. 1 (2013): 87-97. Об использовании фМРТ в лечении коматозных пациентов см.: David Су- ranowski, “Neuroscience: The Mind Reader”, Nature 486 (2012): 178-180; и Joseph J. Fins, “Brain Injury: The Vegetative and Minimally Conscious States”, в From Birth to Death and Bench to Clinic: The Hastings Center Bioethics Briefing Book for Journalists, Policymakers, and Campaigns, ed. Mary Crowley (Garrison, NY: Hastings Center, 2008), 15-20,ingscenter.org/Publications/BriefingBook/Detail.aspx?id=2166.

(18) Aaron J. Newman et al., “Dissociating Neural Subsystems for Grammar by Contrasting Word Order and Infl ection”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107, no. 16 (2010): 7539-7544; Daniel A. Abrams et

al., “Multivariate Activation and Connectivity Patterns Discriminate Speech Intelligibility in Wernicke’s, Broca’s, and Geschwind’s Areas”, Cerebral Cortex, 2012,cor.bhsl65.abstract; Nancy Kanwisher, “Functional Specifi city in the Human Brain: A Window into the Functional Architecture of the Mind”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107, no. 25 (2010): 11163-11170; Lofti B. Merabet and Alvaro Pascual-Leone, “Neural Reor ga ni za tion Following Sensory Loss — The Opportunity for Change”, Nature Reviews Neuroscience 11 (2012): 44-53; Luke A. Henderson et al., “Functional Reor ga ni za tion of the Brain in Humans Following Spinal Cord Injury: Evidence for Underlying Changes in Cortical Anatomy”, Journal of Neuroscience 31, no. 7 (2011): 2630-2637; M. Ptito et al., “TMS of the Occipital Cortex Induces Tactile Sensations in the Fingers of Braille Readers”, Experimental Brain Research 184 (2008): 193-200, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17717652.

(19) Дебаты Рассела Полдрака и Марко Иакобони относительно научной обоснованности результатов, полученных FKF в исследовании колеблющихся избирателей, приведены в: Adam Kolber, “Poldrack Replies to Iacoboni Neuropolitics Discussion”, Neuroethics 8c Law Blog, June 3, 2008,replie.html, и Adam Kolber, “Iacoboni Responds to Neuropolitics Criticism”, Neuroethics 8c Law Blog, June 3, 2008,law_blog/2008/06/iacoboni-respon.html. О функциях миндалевидного тела см.: Shermer, “Five Ways Brain Scans Mislead Us”; Elizabeth A. Phelps and Joseph E. LeDoux, “Contributions of the Amygdala to Emotion Processing: From Animal Models to Human Behavior”, Neuron 48, no. 2 (2005): 175-187; и Turhan Canli and John D. E. Gabrieli, “Imaging Gender Differences in Sexual Arousal”, Nature Neuroscience 7, no. 4 (2004): 325-326.

(20) Миндалевидное тело вносит свой вклад в осуществление множества задач, поскольку оно связано со вниманием, бдительностью и памятью. William A. Cunningham and Tobias Brosch, “Motivational Salience: Amygdala Tuning from Traits, Needs, Values, and Goals”, Current Directions in Psychological Science 21 (2012): 54-59. О реакции миндалевидного тела на изображения пищи см.: А. Mohanty et al., “The Spatial Attention Network Interacts with Limbic and Monoaminergic Systems to Modulate Motivation- Induced Attention Shifts”, Cerebral Cortex 18, no. 11 (2008): 2604-2613.

(21) Russell Poldrack, “Can Cognitive Pro cesses Ве Inferred from Neuroimaging Data?”, Trends in Cognitive Sciences 10, no. 2 (2006): 59-63.

(22) Diane М. Beck, “The Appeal of the Brain in the Popular Press”, Perspectives on Psychological Science 5 (2010): 762-7 66; Eric Racine et al., “Contemporary Neuroscience in the Media”, Social Science and Medicine 71, no. 4 (2010): 725-7 33; Julie М. Robillard and Judy Illes, “Lost in Translation: Neuroscience and the Public”, Nature Reviews Neuroscience 12 (2011): 118. О роли островка см.: А. D. Craig, “How Do You Feel Now? ТЬе Anterior Insula and Human Awareness”, Nature Reviews Neuroscience 10, no. 1 (2009): 59-70. Практически это общее правило: те области мозга, которые прежде считали реализующими некий единый определенный процесс, в ходе исследований с более совершенной техникой и высоким пространственным и временным разрешением оказывались более гетерогенными.

(23) Adam Aron et al., “Politics and the Brain”, New York Times, November 14, 2007, и “Editorial: Mind Games: How Not to Mix Politics and Science”, Nature 450 (2007),n7169/full/450457a.html; Vaughan Bell, “Election Brain Scan Nonsense”, Mind Hacks (блог), November 13, 2007,Ыоg/2007/11/election_brain_scan_.html. Neuropundits: Daniel Engber, “Neuropundits Gone Wild”, Slate, November 14, 2007, www.slate.com/ar- ticles/health_and.../neuropundits_gone_wild.html. «Разбросанные пятна активации на изображении мозга могут напоминать чаинки на дне чашки, неоднозначные и позволяющие многочисленные возможные

толкования», говорит специалист в области когнитивной нейронауки Марта Фара из Пенсильванского университета: Adam Kolber, “This Is Your Brain on Politics (Farah Guest Post)”, Neuroethics & Law Blog, November 12, 2007,this-is-your-br.html. Обзор рекомендаций по проведению экспериментов и тому, как их (не) нужно интерпретировать, см.: Teneille Brown and Emily Murphy, “Through a Scanner Darkly: Functional Neuroimaging as Evidence of a Criminal Defendant’s Past Mental States”, Stanford Law Review 62, no. 4 (2010): 1119-1208, 1142,content/uploads/2010/04/Brown-Murphy.pdf.