Task 9. “Back-translate” your Russian translation into English. Compare your translation with the original text. Discuss both English variants of the section

“The investment tax credit”, paying particular attention to the key concepts and corresponding words and expressions.

Task 10. Give a gist intralingual translation (English into English) of the original text. Your translation should not exceed 1/3 of the original text size.

Task 11. Recast the gist translation of the text in different words, adapting it for high school students.

Task 1. Read and study the following text.

By January 01, 2008 about 67.1 thousand economic entities operating in the Krasnoyarsk Krai were included into the State united list of the enterprises, organizations, their branches and other detached divisions. In 2008 the number of enterprises has increased by 1985 (by 3.1 %) in comparison with 2007.

Distribution of economic entities according to the types of property (by January 1. 2008), %

Small business development is one of the fundamental conditions of the market economy functioning. 15 879 small enterprises operated by October 1, 2007 in the Krasnoyarsk Krai with the total employees number of 124.1 thousand. The turnover of small businesses on all kinds of economic activities increased by 24.7 % and made up 155.2 billion rubles in comparison with 2006. The basic share of the small enterprises is concentrated in trade (48.7 %), construction (13 %), real estate (13 %) and processing industries (10.8 %).

In 2007 about 4 508.6 million rubles were invested into development of small business (the rate of growth is 130.5 % in comparison with 2006). The basic share of investments into small enterprises was directed into construction (67.5 %), real estate (22.2 %) and trade (6.5 %).

In 2007 small business entities with the support from the budget of the Krai realized 77 investment projects. 18 of them were chosen in 2007. The volume of debt capital investments in the 18 projects constitutes 2 180 ml. rubles, and due to realization of these projects 250 new work places were created in 2007. The Krasnoyarsk Krai is one of the most industrially developed regions of Russia. It has 3.2 % of the total amount of industrial goods produced in Russia. In 2007 the Krasnoyarsk Krai took the 1st place among the Siberian Federal District regions in All-Russian production sharing and shipped goods with its own production, accomplished work and services per capita.

Processing industries have the largest share – 86.1 %, with a predominant share of metallurgy and metal finished goods – 71.8 % among the types of economic activities of the Krasnoyarsk Krai.

Among the regions of the Siberian Federal District the Krasnoyarsk Krai has the leading position in amount of processing industries goods per capita.

Structure of the regional economy according to the types of economic activities

The economic activity of the Krasnoyarsk Krai specializes in:

• capital-intensive and energy-intensive production based on natural resources utilization;

• intermediate products manufacturing intended for export to other regions of Russia and abroad;

• export to the CIS and other foreign countries.

The tendency of economic development in the Krasnoyarsk Krai:

• specialization in export-oriented industries;

• certain increase in the share of extractive and processing industries due to realization of large investment projects in the spheres of extraction, fuel and energy resources, transport infrastructure, realization of complex development program of the Lower Angara River, including construction of the Boguchany hydro-electric power station;

• volume stabilization of the raw materials output;

• increase in ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy production;

• intensive development of the services market related to culture, sports and tourism.

Competitive advantages of the region are determined by the economy specialization:

• large opportunities for wide cooperation with other regions and foreign countries; expansion of goods deliveries geography;

• wide opportunities for production diversification;

• opportunities for vertical integration of production on the basis of domestic raw mineral resources extraction and deep processing;

• innovation potential for development of new science-intensive, high-tech production with prompt return;

• keeping stable long-term demand to the main products on the world markets;

• developed system of financial-credit establishments;

• developed transport and communication structure.

Weak positions of the Krai:

• high dependence of the region on the world metal market prices;