40. Leo P. McCauley, S. J. and Anthony A Stephenson, trans., The Works of Saint Cyril of Jerusalem (Washington, D. C, 1969), 1, 188; Another Collection of Philosophical Conferences of the French Virtuosi of France…, trans. G. Havers and J. Davies (London, 1665), 316–317; Daniello Bartoli, La Ricreazione del Savio (Parma, 1992), 192–193.

41. Burton E. Stevenson, The Home Book of Proverbs, Maxims and Familiar Phrases (New York, 1948), 1686; Lucien Febvre, Life in Renaissance France, ed. and trans. Marion Rothstein (Cambridge, Mass., 1977), 34–36; ODNB, s. v. "Elizabeth Carter" and "John Scott"; Cecile M. Jagodzinski, Privacy and Print: Reading and Writing in Seventeenth-Century England (Charlottesville, Va., 1999), 13; Raffaella Sard, Europe at Home: Family and Material Culture, 1500–1800, trans. Allan Cameron (New Haven, 2002), 138–139.

42. William Devenant, The Works… (London, 1673); Roger Chartier, "The Practical Impact of Writing," in HPL III, 111–124.

43. J. R. Hale, Machiavelli and Renaissance Italy (London, 1972), 112; Chartier, "Writing," 124–157; Jagodzinski, Privacy and Print, 2–6; Anthony Grafton, "The Humanist as Reader," in Guglielmo Cavallo and Roger Chartier, A History of Reading in the West, trans. Lydia G. Cochrane (Amherst, Mass., 1999), 179–181.

44. May 19,1667, Pepys, Diary, VIII, 223, X, 34–39; Nov. 4, 1624, Beck, Diary, 199–200, passim; Canon, Diary, 41,56; Blaak, "Reading and Writing," 64–76,83—87.

45. Apr. 27, 1706, Cowper, Diary, passim; Jagodzinski, Privacy and Print, 20, 25–43; Francois Lebrun, "The Two Reformations: Communal Devotion and Personal Piety" and Chartier, "Writing," in HPL III, 96-104,130–134.

46. Yehonatan Eibeshiitz, Yearot Devash (Jerusalem, 2000), 371; Rabbi Aviel, ed. Mishnah Berurah: Laws Concerning Miscellaneous Blessings, the Minchah Service, the Ma'ariv Service and Evening Conduct… (Jerusalem, 1989), 413; Salo Wittmayer Baron, The Jewish Community: Its History and Structure to the American Revolution (Westport, Ct., 1972), II, 169,176, III, 163.

47. Thomas Wright, Autobiography… 1736–1797 (London, 1864), 24; Steven Ozment, Three Behaim Boys Growing Up in Early Modem Germany: A Chronicle of Their Lives (New Haven, 1990), 103; Alexander Teixeira de Mattos, trans., The Memoirs of Francois Ren'e Vicomte de Chateaubriand… (New York, 1902), I, 54.

48. Dec. 31,1666, Pepys, Diary, VII, 426, X, 174–176, passim; Apr. 26,1740, Kay, Diary, 34.

49. Tilley, Proverbs in England, 79; Jan. 2,1624, Beck, Diary, 27–28, passim; Cereta, Letters, ed. Robin, 101, 31–32, passim; Lorraine Reams, "Night Thoughts: The Waking of the Soul: The Nocturnal Contemplations of Love, Death, and the Divine in the Eighteenth-Century and Nineteenth-Century French Epistolary Novel and Roman-M'emoire" (Ph. D. diss., Univ. of North Carolina or Chapel Hill, 2000), 138; William Riley Parker, Milton: A Biography (Oxford, 1968), 1,578, II, 710; Blaak, "Reading and Writing," 79–87; Chartier, "Writing," Madeleine Foisil, "The Literature of Intimacy," and Jean Marie Goulemont, "Literary Practices: Publicizing the Private," in HPL III, 115–117,157-159, 327–332, 380–383.

50. Henry Halford Vaughan, ed., Welsh Proverbs with English Translations (1889; rpt. edn., Detroit, 1969), 94; Michael J. Mikos, ed., Polish Renaissance Literature: An Anthology (Columbus, Ohio, 1995), 168; RB, I, 84.

1. Shakespeare, Antony and Cleopatra, III, 13,184–187.

2. Verdon, Night, 127–131; Pierre Jonin, "L'Espace et le Temps de la Nuit dans les Romans de Chr'etiens de Troyes," M'elanges de Langue et de Litt'erature M'edi'evales Offerts `a Alice Planche 48 (1984), 242–246; Gary Cross, A Social History of Leisure Since 1600 (State College, Pa., 1990), 17–18.

3. Edward Ward, The London Spy (1709; rpt. edn., New York, 1985), 43; Koslofsky, "Court Culture," 745–748; Thomas D'Urfey, The Two Queens of Brentford (London, 1721); Another Collection of Philosophical Conferences of the French Virtuosi…, trans. G. Havers and J. Davies (London, 1665), 419; Schindler, Rebellion, 194–195.

4. Diary of Robert Moody, 1660–1663, Rawlinson Coll. D. 84, Bodl.; Marie-Claude Canova-Green, Benserade Ballets pour Louis XIV (Paris, 1997), 93—160.

5. Ben Sedgley, Observations on Mr. Fielding's Enquiry into the Causes of the Late Increase of Robbers… (London, 1751), 8; "A Short Account, by Way of Journal, of What I Observed Most Remarkable in My Travels…," June 2,1697, Historical Manuscripts Commission, 8th Report, Part 1 (1881), 99—100; Marcelin Defoumeaux, Daily Life in Spain: The Golden Age, trans. Newton Branch (New York, 1971), 70–71; Koslofsky, "Court Culture," 745–748; Thomas Burke, English Night-Life: From Norman Curfew to Present Black-Out (New York, 1971), 11–22.